Credits

• Access to electricity, % of population, opens in a new tab

  World Bank (WDI EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS). CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data). Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Number of people without access to electricity, opens in a new tab

  Our World in Data from World Bank. CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data); underlying data World Bank CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Installed solar PV capacity, opens in a new tab

  Our World in Data from IRENA (2026). CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data); underlying data IRENA. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Solar photovoltaic module price, opens in a new tab

  Our World in Data from IRENA (2025), Nemet (2009), Farmer and Lafond (2016). CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data); underlying data IRENA/Nemet/Farmer and Lafond. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Electricity generation by source, Nigeria, opens in a new tab

  Our World in Data from Ember (2026). CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data); underlying data Ember CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Electricity generation by source, Africa (Ember region definition), opens in a new tab

  Our World in Data from Ember (2026). CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data); underlying data Ember CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Share of electricity generation from low-carbon sources, opens in a new tab

  Our World in Data from Ember (2026). CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data); underlying data Ember CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• CO2 emissions per capita, opens in a new tab

  Our World in Data from Global Carbon Budget (2025). CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data); underlying data Global Carbon Project CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Global surface temperature anomaly, mean for each calendar year, opens in a new tab

  NASA GISS GISTEMP v4. NASA GISS open data. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Brent crude oil spot price, average for each year, opens in a new tab

  US EIA series RBRTE. US Government work, public domain. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Brent crude oil spot price, average for each month, opens in a new tab

  US EIA series RBRTE. US Government work, public domain. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Primary energy use per person (total energy supply), opens in a new tab

  Our World in Data from Energy Institute Statistical Review (2026). CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data); underlying data Energy Institute. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• Electricity generation per person, opens in a new tab

  Our World in Data from Ember (2026). CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data); underlying data Ember CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2 October 2026. Get the data (CSV)

• SDG Extended Report 2026, Goal 7, opens in a new tab

  UN Statistics Division. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report 2026, executive version, opens in a new tab

  Sustainable Energy for All. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Clean cooking in Africa 2026, executive summary, opens in a new tab

  International Energy Agency. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• World Energy Investment 2025, executive summary, opens in a new tab

  International Energy Agency. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Africa Energy Outlook 2022, key findings, opens in a new tab

  International Energy Agency. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Renewable capacity statistics 2026, opens in a new tab

  IRENA. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• 2026 Q1 report, opens in a new tab

  Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Nigeria Country Private Sector Diagnostic, opens in a new tab

  IFC / World Bank Group. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Global Gas Flaring Tracker Report, June 2026, opens in a new tab

  World Bank, Global Flaring and Methane Reduction Partnership. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Nigeria’s Dangote refinery to begin full capacity tests in February, 4 February 2026, opens in a new tab

  Hydrocarbon Processing. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Today in Energy, 24 August 2026, opens in a new tab

  U.S. Energy Information Administration. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Nigeria Energy Transition Plan, ETIP update (November 2024), opens in a new tab

  Nigeria Energy Transition Plan, hosted by Sustainable Energy for All. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• World Energy Investment 2026, regional dashboards, opens in a new tab

  International Energy Agency. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Renewable power generation costs in 2025, executive summary, opens in a new tab

  IRENA. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Press release, April 2026, opens in a new tab

  IRENA. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• 2025 was the third-hottest year on record, opens in a new tab

  Copernicus Climate Change Service (ECMWF). Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• Global Energy Review 2026, CO2 emissions, opens in a new tab

  International Energy Agency. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

• World Population Prospects 2024, summary of results, opens in a new tab

  United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 2 October 2026.

Africa outline from Natural Earth, public domain, opens in a new tab